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Install Ubuntu from USB Stick

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Eli
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Ubuntu can be installed from a USB stick, especially, to netbooks and other computers without CD drives. However, using USB flash drive to install Ubuntu is handy because a USB flash drive is so convenient. Also, unlike a read-only CD-ROM drive, you can easily configure Ubuntu on the USB flash drive to save changes you make.

To install Ubuntu using Flash drive:

1. Get Ubuntu ISO image from official Ubuntu releases: http://releases.ubuntu.com/

2. Verify the md5 sum (hash) of the ISO image file to check the integrity of the image by following these instructions:

First open a terminal and go to the correct directory (in this case Downloads) to check a downloaded iso file:

Code: Select all

tssfl@tssfl:~$ cd ~/Downloads 
Then run the following command from within the Downloads directory, e.g. for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS:

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md5sum ubuntu-16.04-desktop-amd64.iso

md5sum should then print out a single line after calculating the hash such as:

Code: Select all

c94d54942a2954cf852884d656224186
Compare the hash that your machine calculated with the corresponding hash on the UbuntuHashes page

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuHashes.

The easiest way to compare, is to copy the hash corresponding to that of your ISO image from the website, and paste it in the terminal next to the hash calculated by your machine, if the two hashes match, they will both be highlighted in red color.

Finally, go to https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Insta ... omUSBStick, and create a bootable USB stick by using a Startup Disk Creator in the Unity Dash by typing "Startup Disk Creator". If it is not there, then you can install it using the Synaptic Package Manager or through Ubuntu Software Center or through terminal by sudo apt-get install command.
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Eli
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#2

Currently, new Ubuntu releases are available: Ubuntu 17.10.1 (Artful Aardvark) and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver). You can download 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers ISO images, from here (standard downloads) for the Ubuntu Desktop 18.04.4, and by following this link for the Ubuntu Desktop 17.10.1.

These type of images are what most people will want to use. They allow you to try Ubuntu without changing your computer at all, and later install it permanently if you wish.

Check and compare the MD5SUMS for the Desktop iso images you downloaded, respectively, for Artful Aardvark and Bionic Beaver.

You can compare the two hashes (strings), one from the iso image and another from the web to find out if they are equal.

Open the Terminal and use diff to compare:

  1. diff  <(echo "$string1" ) <(echo "$string2")


where 'string1' and 'string2' are the two hashes. To compare the MD5SUMS for the Bionic Beaver Desktop iso image, do

  1. $ diff  <(echo "$129292a182136a35e1f89c586dbac2e2" ) <(echo "$129292a182136a35e1f89c586dbac2e2")


Nothing will be returned on the Terminal if the two strings are equal.

See more about Process substitution BASH extension.

Alternatively, we can compare with a named pipe

  1. $mkfifo ./d
  2. $diff - d <<< "$string1" & echo "$string2" > d


Find out more: Working with named pipes.

See more about these releases http://releases.ubuntu.com/, also look at Ubuntu flavors , Ubuntu Desktop developers news.
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